Mais da metade dos brasileiros apresentam sinais de transtornos mentais
Mais da metade dos brasileiros apresentam sintomas de depressão, ansiedade e estresse. Você não precisa enfrentar isso sozinho.
Segundo pesquisa do instituto Ipsos (fonte: BBC News Brasil), 53% dos brasileiros declararam que seu bem-estar mental piorou um pouco ou muito no último ano. O sofrimento mental pode estar ou não associado a algum transtorno. Existe uma diversidade de transtornos conhecidos, que podem afetar diferentes aspectos da nossa mente e da nossa vida.
Saiba quais são os 6 transtornos mentais mais comuns no Brasil:
1- Transtorno de ansiedade:
Existe o sentimento de ansiedade e o Transtorno de Ansiedade. A intensidade dos sintomas, a duração do mesmo e o impacto que este sofrimento causa no dia a dia é o que diferencia um do outro.
Considerando que pode variar de pessoa para pessoa, os principais sintomas que podemos enxergar neste transtorno são:
- Inquietação;
- Sensação de falta de ar;
- Sensação de aperto no peito;
- Fadiga;
- Insônia;
- Irritabilidade;
- Dificuldade de concentração;
- Tensão muscular.
2- Depressão:
É um transtorno psiquiátrico que causa alteração de humor caracterizada por tristeza profunda e forte sentimento de desesperança.
Além da tristeza, os principais sintomas que podemos enxergar na depressão são:
- Alteração de peso (perda ou ganho de peso não intencional);
- Distúrbio de sono;
- Fadiga ou perda de energia constante;
- Culpa excessiva;
- Baixa autoestima,
- Alteração da libido.
3- Transtornos alimentares:
São condições relacionadas a comportamentos alimentares prejudiciais e que são persistentes. A maioria envolve o foco excessivo no peso ou formato do corpo, levando a comportamentos perigosos como indução ao vômito, ficar dias sem comer, entre outros.
Os transtornos alimentares mais comuns são:
- Anorexia;
- Bulimia;
- Compulsão alimentar;
- Transtorno Alimentar Restritivo Evitativo (Tare).
4- Transtorno Bipolar:
É marcado pela alternância de humor entre episódios de depressão e de euforia, as crises podem variar em intensidade, frequência e duração. Existem diferentes subtipos de transtorno bipolar, a depender da frequência das crises, do momento em que elas acontecem e da intensidade dos sintomas.
5- TOC – Transtorno Obsessivo Compulsivo (TOC):
Este transtorno é marcado por uma série de obsessões e rituais que o paciente apresenta no dia a dia. Normalmente funciona assim: a pessoa tem um pensamento que ela considera ruim e faz um comportamento (ou ritual) para cancelar o pensamento. No Brasil, cerca de uma pessoa a cada 50 sofre de TOC.
Conheça algumas das obsessões mais comuns de um paciente com TOC.
- Limpeza;
- Objetos simétricos/organizados;
- Conferir se fechou as portas ou janelas;
- Acumulação.
Quais são as principais causas dos transtornos mentais?
Cada transtorno mental tem sua peculiaridade e modo único de manifestação, muitos deles possuem causas desconhecidas ainda pela ciência, porém são aceitas as influências de de fatores externos à pessoa e fatores psicológicos próprios da pessoa.
Os fatores externos e os transtornos mentais:
Acontecimentos ao longo da nossa vida podem ter uma grande influência na nossa saúde mental, como:
- Viver ou presenciar acidentes e outras situações de grande impacto emocional como abuso ou assédio sexual;
- Bullying;
- A morte precoce de alguém muito querido;
- Perda de um dos pais;
- Sofrer violência física;
- Entre outros.
Procure ajuda!
No caso de transtornos mentais, o acompanhamento com um especialista é de extrema importância para o controle e bem estar do paciente. Ao notar qualquer alteração semelhante às descritas neste artigo marque uma consulta com um Psicólogo ou Psiquiatra.
Para casos mais imediatos procure o CVV (Centro de Valorização da Vida):
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Você não está sozinho!
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