O que não deve ser feito ao usar medicamentos para diabetes
Embora não tenha cura, o distúrbio metabólico pode ser controlado por meio de tratamentos farmacológicos (combinados a hábitos saudáveis). No conteúdo a seguir, encontram-se as principais substâncias usadas para manter os níveis de glicemia dentro dos parâmetros ideais, além de orientações sobre o uso seguro de remédios.
Medicamentos para diabetes usados atualmente
De acordo com as Diretrizes da Sociedade Brasileira de Diabetes (SDB), são pelo menos 19 compostos usados – de forma individual ou combinada – em remédios para o tratamento da condição.
Injeções de insulina também fazem parte do rol de medicamentos para diabetes. O produto é mais utilizado em casos do tipo 1, mas pode ser necessário em pacientes com tipo 2, como aponta um estudo publicado no Brazilian Journal of Natural Sciences.
A escolha do melhor protocolo deve ser feita sempre por um médico, como o endocrinologista, que levará em consideração a eficácia do remédio, o risco de hipoglicemia, os potenciais efeitos adversos, as preferências do paciente, a tolerabilidade e os custos do produto para ele, aponta a SDB.

Além do controle específico sobre o medicamento, é fundamental ter ciência sobre as condições do organismo.
Para isso, o Cartão dr.consulta facilita acesso a exames e a consultas com diferentes especialistas. Pessoas com condições crônicas, como o diabetes, podem ainda receber orientações sobre medicação, dieta e exercícios por meio do programa Viva Bem.
Essa linha de cuidados é feita para oferecer suporte e e orientações sobre hábitos saudáveis via WhatsApp com um time multidisciplinar e consultas on-line de enfermagem para prevenir o agravamento de condições como a diabetes, hipertensão e colesterol alto (dislipidemia).
8 práticas para evitar durante o uso de medicamentos para diabetes
1. Automedicação
Usar remédios sem prescrição de um médico deve ser evitado sempre – orientação válida, principalmente, para a utilização incorreta de medicamentos para o controle do distúrbio com objetivos estéticos.
Atualmente, substâncias usadas para o tratamento da condição, como a semaglutida, mostraram-se efetivas e seguras para a perda de peso e são indicadas para o tratamento da obesidade.
Entretanto, a Sociedade Brasileira de Endocrinologia e Metabologia (SBEM) e a Associação Brasileira para o Estudo da Obesidade e Síndrome Metabólica (Abeso) alertam, em nota, que o medicamento deve ser sempre administrado com supervisão de um profissional de saúde.
2. Esquecer (ou deixar por conta própria) de tomar remédio
Não é raro pacientes esquecerem ou deixarem de tomar o medicamento sem consultar o médico. Essa prática não deve ser encorajada pois alterações frequentes no horário ou interrupções sem acompanhamento podem impactar no controle glicêmico.
Caso a pessoa esqueça de tomar o remédio no momento certo, a Secretaria de Saúde da Bahia (SSB) recomenda seu uso na próxima refeição. É importante também que os comprimidos esquecidos não sejam ingeridos depois do jantar ou antes de se deitar.
No caso de esquecimento da insulina, o ideal é adequar a dosagem para as próximas aplicações. O médico responsável pelo paciente é quem poderá fornecer as melhores orientações para esses ajustes.
3. Não informar o médico sobre uso de outros remédios
Pacientes com outras comorbidades tendem a fazer uso de diversos remédios simultaneamente. De acordo com um estudo publicado na Revista Científica de Enfermagem, interações entre medicamentos para diabetes e para anti-hipertensivos são as mais frequentes e pedem atenção pelo risco de hipoglicemia – e, em alguns casos, de alteração na função renal e hepática.
Por isso, é importante sempre avisar ao médico sobre todos os medicamentos usados pelo indivíduo para que o profissional saiba identificar aqueles que podem ser administrados de forma combinada sem oferecer riscos.
4. Uso de produtos naturais
Algumas ervas atraem a atenção das pessoas por seus supostos benefícios para o controle da glicemia. Entretanto, a SDB não aconselha a suplementação à base de produtos naturais para esse propósito.
A entidade reforça a falta de pesquisas científicas que mostrem a real eficácia e segurança desses produtos para o tratamento da condição. Além disso, existe a possibilidade de interação com outros medicamentos – o que oferece riscos.
A SSB, por meio do Centro de Diabetes e Endocrinologia do estado, também desaconselha essa prática pela possibilidade de hipoglicemia derivada da combinação de certas ervas e outros remédios.
5. Ficar muito tempo sem se alimentar
Quem faz uso de insulina ou de outros medicamentos que ajudam a diminuir a glicemia não deve fazer jejuns prolongados. Grandes períodos sem comer nada pode fazer com que os níveis de glicose caiam demais, gerando quadros de tontura, tremedeira, suor excessivo, visão embaçada – e, em casos mais graves, convulsões e perda de consciência, aponta SBD.
Caso o paciente necessite fazer jejum, é preciso buscar orientação de um profissional de saúde para entender quais ajustes nas dosagens dos medicamentos devem ser feitas.
6. Fazer estoque de medicamentos
É comum pacientes comprarem grandes quantidades de medicamentos para facilitar o acesso ao produto no dia a dia. Porém, a SSB alerta que remédios guardados por muito tempo podem ter o prazo de validade ultrapassado.
7. Consumir bebidas alcoólicas
O álcool pode interferir na ação da insulina e de outros medicamentos usados para o controle da diabetes. Por isso, a SBD reforça a importância de restringir ao máximo o consumo, limitando-o somente a momentos pontuais e quando a glicemia estiver bem controlada.
Por fim, vale ressaltar que o uso dos medicamentos deve ser realizado em conjunto à adoção de hábitos saudáveis, como: manter uma alimentação equilibrada (consumindo mais frutas e verduras, além de reduzir o sal, o açúcar e as gorduras) e o controle do peso, praticar exercícios físicos regularmente, evitar o tabagismo e o consumo em excesso de bebidas alcoólicas.
Fontes:
- Brazilian Journal of Natural Sciences;
- Diretrizes Sociedade Brasileira de Diabetes – Diabetes Magazine;
- Diretrizes Sociedade Brasileira de Diabetes – Manejo da terapia antidiabética no DM2;
- Diretrizes Sociedade Brasileira de Diabetes – Princípios gerais da orientação nutricional no diabetes mellitus;
- Nota Sociedade Brasileira de Endocrinologia e Metabologia e a Associação Brasileira para o Estudo da Obesidade e Síndrome Metabólica;
- Revista Científica de Enfermagem.
[…] à dieta saudável e ao uso de medicamentos, eles são essenciais para a prevenção e o tratamento do distúrbio metabólico, de acordo com o […]
[…] o Ministério da Saúde, alguns remédios podem ser usados para estimular a produção de insulina e para inibir a absorção de carboidratos […]
[…] opções de medicamentos efetivos, que balanceiam os níveis de glicose no sangue, seja por via oral, seja por aplicações […]
[…] cuidadoso da insulina ou dos medicamentos orais, conforme prescrição médica, já que doses a mais ou a menos são um fator relevante. Toda […]
[…] uso de medicamentos aplicáveis, principalmente os injetáveis. Além disso, também é fundamental saber o que não fazer no diabetes, como se automedicar, deixar de tomar os remédios para diabetes ou não informar o […]
[…] uso de medicamentos, que têm como objetivo “afinar” o sangue, ajustar o trabalho do coração, controlar […]
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