Como reconhecer um ataque cardíaco
O infarto do miocárdio é uma das principais causas de morte no Brasil, segundo o Ministério da Saúde. A cada ano, entre 300 mil e 400 mil casos de ataque cardíaco são registrados no país. Além disso, os dados revelam que, de sete episódios, cinco resultam em óbito.
Diante desses números preocupantes, é essencial reconhecer os sintomas, saber como agir diante da emergência e, mais importante ainda, adotar hábitos que ajudam a prevenir a condição.
Principais sinais do ataque cardíaco
A dor ou desconforto no peito é o mais característico, conforme aponta o Ministério da Saúde, podendo irradiar para as costas, rosto e braço esquerdo (raramente para o direito). A sensação costuma ser intensa e prolongada, geralmente descrita como um peso ou aperto no tórax.
Outras manifestações comuns incluem:
- palidez;
- falta de ar;
- sensação de desmaio ou de tontura.
Se uma pessoa apresentar um ou mais desses sinais, o atendimento médico deve ser acionado imediatamente para evitar danos irreversíveis ao coração.
Isso porque o ataque cardíaco é considerado uma emergência e o tempo de resposta é crucial para salvar a vida do paciente.
O tratamento pode incluir:
- uso de medicamentos, como anticoagulantes;
- cirurgias para restaurar o fluxo sanguíneo, a exemplo da angioplastia;
- alterações no estilo de vida, que ajudam a prevenir novos episódios.
Os sintomas podem variar
Nem sempre um infarto acontece da mesma forma, assim pode se tornar mais difícil reconhecê-lo.
Em idosos, por exemplo, a falta de ar costuma ser a principal manifestação, muitas vezes acompanhada de dor abdominal, se assemelhando a quadros de gastrite ou de refluxo gastroesofágico.
Se essa pessoa for mais velha e ainda tiver diabetes, o ataque cardíaco pode ser assintomático ou ocorrer de forma súbita, sem qualquer aviso prévio.
Essas variações tornam ainda mais importante os cuidados e o acompanhamento médico regular, principalmente para pessoas do grupo de risco.
O Cartão dr.consulta possibilita o acesso a descontos em consultas com especialistas e exames, garantindo atendimento de excelência para manter a saúde em dia.

Como prevenir infarto e outras condições cardiovasculares
Muitos fatores contribuem para que essas enfermidades se desenvolvam, indica a Organização Pan-Americana de Saúde (OPAS), como:
- tabagismo;
- sedentarismo;
- má alimentação;
- colesterol alto;
- diabetes descontrolada;
- pressão alta;
- estresse crônico.
Por isso, a melhor forma de reduzir o risco é por meio da adoção de bons hábitos, com pequenas mudanças no cotidiano que podem fazer toda a diferença para a saúde do coração. São elas:
- praticar atividades físicas rotineiramente;
- manter uma alimentação equilibrada, saudável e nutritiva;
- evitar o consumo de álcool e de cigarro;
- controlar o estresse;
- realizar exames de tempos em tempos.
Tais atitudes contribuem para o sistema cardiovascular e ajudam a garantir uma vida mais longa e saudável.
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[…] chamado de ataque do coração, acontece quando há interrupção do fluxo sanguíneo para uma parte do músculo cardíaco, […]
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